Levels of Process Documentation

• Excecutable Process Layer
• Business Services Layer
• Intermediate Services Layer
• Technical Services Layer
• Existing Information System Layer

Process Modeling Rules

Rule #1: Process Models should Provide Aid in Process Understanding

Rule #2: Match Each Split with a Join

Rule #3: Have a Well-Defined Start and End Event

Rule #4: Look Out for Orphan Tasks

Process Simulation Factors

• How are the outcomes of decisions distributed (for example, if process behavior differs from the type of contract)?
• How are these distributed over the day, week, or month?
• How long does it take, on average, to execute a particular activity?
• How many instances of the process are started in a certain period.
• How much cost (other than time) is incurred by the activity?
• Is there any start-up cost or waiting cost for an activity?
• What quantity of which resources are utilized?

Process Modeling Deliverables

·      Process map, which shows the relationship between various business processes and the interactions between these processes

·   Roles and relations structure diagram, which shows the roles involved in business processes, and the relationships between the roles

·   An as-is process model for each individual process. This describes in detail the existing business process, including the process flow, activities, roles, and documents (discussed later in this section). It can also contain the identified optimization points.

Process Design Steps

1.       Identify the roles

2.       Identify  the activities

3.       Connect  activities to roles

4.       Define the order of activities

5.       Add events

6.       Add documents

Business Process Modeling Questions

·   What is the outcome of the business processes?

·   What activities are performed within the business processes?

·   What is the order of activities?

·   Who performs the activities?

·   Which business documents are exchanged within the process?

·   How foolproof is the process, and how can it be extended in the future?

Business Process Modeling Objectives

Specify the exact result of the business process, and to understand the business value of this result.  Understand the activities of the business process, as knowing the exact tasks and activities that have to be performed is crucial to understanding the details of the process.

Understand the order of activities, as activities can be performed in sequence or in parallel, which can help improve the overall time required to fulfill a business process.  Activities can be short-running or long-running.

Understand the responsibilities, to identify (and later supervise) who is responsible for which activities and tasks.

Understand the utilization of resources consumed in the business process, as knowing who uses which resources can help improve the utilization of resources as resource requirements can be planned for and optimized.

Understand the relationship between people involved in the processes, and their communication. Knowing exactly who communicates with whom is important and can help to organize and optimize communications.

Understand the document flow. Business processes produce and consume documents (regardless of whether these are paper or electronic documents). Understanding where the documents are going, and where they are coming from is important. A good overview of the documents also gives us the opportunity to identify whether all of the documents are really necessary.

Identify potential bottlenecks and points of improvements, which can be used later in the process optimization phase.

Introduce quality standards such as ISO 9001 more successfully, and to better pass certification.

Improve the understandability of quality regulations that can be supplemented with process diagrams.

Use business process models as work guidelines for new employees who can introduce themselves to the business processes faster and more efficiently.

Understand business processes, which will enable us to understand and describe the company as a whole.

Simple Keys to Success

• Cultivate connection to others – value every second of every day
• Upgrade your skills—enjoy the moment and give your best in activities
• Look on the bright side—it will spread to others
• Take time to recover – development depends on the recovery you get
• Keep mind focus and stay physical---see if you can do one thing better each day